One of the vibrant sectors of Pakistan’s agriculture industry is the poultry sector. About 1.5 million individuals are employed and get money from this industry. It contributes 4.81% to the development of agriculture and 9.84% to the growth of livestock. 19% of the nation’s total meat output comes from poultry.
In Pakistan, there are 13.6 grams of protein available daily per person, coming from sources including beef, mutton, chicken, and seafood. The recommended daily dietary protein limit from animal sources, according to World Health Organization regulations, is 27 grams, although we often consume far less than this. While affluent nations consume 41 kilograms of meat and more than 300 eggs per person yearly, our country barely consumes 5 kg of meat and 40–45 eggs per person annually (Pakistan Poultry Association).
Consumption and Health
The progressive rise in white meat consumption in Pakistan over the last several years may be attributed to the general public’s rising health consciousness. Broiler meat is the least expensive kind of animal protein available in Pakistan. Compared to other sources of animal protein, broiler chickens are raised in a shorter amount of time. Day Old Chicks (DOCs) are grown in a controlled environment for roughly six weeks on a high protein diet. White meat is becoming a viable company due to the market’s rising demand.
On the same farm grounds, around six flocks of birds might be raised. DOCs are bought from private hatcheries and grow in brooding on rice husk or sawdust during the first four weeks while receiving specialized requirements, and then they are grown up for large growth starting in the sixth week to reach an approximate two-kilogram weight. The heating, feeding, and drinking systems are automatically managed in a controlled environment and are under-skilled personnel supervision. After broiler marketing at about the age of six weeks, the broiler house is allowed 15 days to prepare for the arrival of the next flock. Before the arrival of the new flock, prescribed chemicals are used for adequate cleaning, washing, whitewashing, disinfections, and fumigation. Strict biosecurity regulations are maintained at the facility during the flock.
Project Price
With a population of 35,000 birds, the Controlled Shed Poultry Farm requires a capital expenditure estimated at Rs. 19.2 million for building and buying machinery and equipment. Additionally, operating money in the amount of Rs. 5.7 million is needed, which will be utilized to buy day-old chicks and other inputs like feed, immunizations, etc. The anticipated cost of the project is Rs. 24.9 million.
In Pakistan, there are 5,000 environmental control buildings with a capacity of just 2,500 operating. Of these, 75% (1,875) are in Punjab and the remaining 25% (625) are in other provinces.
Current Situation of the Poultry Industry
Grandparents are brought in from countries including Australia, Holland, Germany, and the USA. The generation line of broilers derives from the pure line (Strains), i.e. Great Grand Parents since these Grand Parents generate Breeders who produce the ultimate products, which are Broilers. From hatcheries, day-old broilers are obtained.
Feed mills generate a high-nutrition feed mix for broilers. Rich protein ingredients used in poultry feed include canola meal, rapeseed meal, sunflower meal, soya meal, and feather meal. Rich energy ingredients include grains, gluten, etc. Feed costs make up a large portion of the cost of producing chicken meat.
Environmental Impacts on Poultry Farming
The biggest issue in chicken production is heat stress. Being a tropical nation, the summertime temperature may exceed 40°C, making it unsuitable for raising poultry. Whether that is hot and muggy, combined with inadequate management techniques, causes flock mortality to rise, growth to slow, and production of chicken to become unprofitable. In traditional farming, farmers must decide whether to completely close the operation during the summer to avoid all the risks that could disrupt the hired labor and staff or continue taking flocks despite poor performance in terms of feed intake, growth rate, weight gain, and FCR (Feed Conversion Ratio) in broilers.
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Poultry farms with controlled environments may get out of this tricky summertime position. By obtaining continuous output, these farms, when outfitted with highly automated chain feeding and drinking systems, provide an environment that is particularly favorable for the production of chicken.
A Good Location for Poultry Farming
The bought property is suggested for a chicken farm with a regulated atmosphere. The best places to establish a chicken farm are in the rural regions around the country’s largest cities. Due to the farm’s proximity to the city, it is simple to reach the market for the procurement of day-old chicks, farm inputs (such as feed), and the sale of broilers. From choosing the location until the very end, when the birds are sold, all management tasks should be carried out strategically. The farmer should ensure that there is a link to the energy grid and that there is a source of good drinking water.
Pakistan’s Poultry Industry Has Issues
Numerous issues with health and welfare are prevalent in meat-type birds due to their quick pace of development. The Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC) is actively working in several areas, such as the establishment of small- and medium-sized poultry farms, the provision of high-yielding desi chicks to domestic and rural poultry farmers, and the transfer of technology to both public and private wildlife management and conservation organizations and wildlife farmers for in-situ wildlife conservation. However, Pakistan’s overall law and order situation has played a significant role in the local poultry industry’s slow development, particularly during the last ten years. Long power outages, substandard feed containing mycotoxins, a lack of effective biosecurity procedures, and shifting pricing all seriously hampered Pakistan’s poultry industry’s expansion.
Second, inflation is a significant issue for Pakistan’s poultry sector. The cost of chicken products is rising along with the cost of basic resources like feed. In these situations, customers outright blame the farmers, who are sometimes also at a loss owing to illnesses. If you look at the poultry rate today and compare it to the pricing from a few years ago, you will see that the price has significantly grown over this time.
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